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DBMS > 4D vs. HyperSQL vs. Ingres

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. HyperSQL vs. Ingres

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonIngres  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemMultithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBWell established RDBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score3.49
Rank#87  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
Score4.11
Rank#81  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comhsqldb.orgwww.actian.com/­databases/­ingres
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comhsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmldocs.actian.com/­ingres
Developer4D, IncActian Corporation
Initial release198420011974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s
Current releasev20, April 20232.7.2, June 202311.2, May 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infobased on BSD licensecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modesAIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files available
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
HTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesJava, SQLyes
Triggersyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonehorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnoneIngres Replicator
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoMVCC
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBIngres
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