DB-EnginesExtremeDB for everyone with an RTOSEnglish
Deutsch
Knowledge Base of Relational and NoSQL Database Management Systemsprovided by solid IT

DBMS > 4D vs. HyperSQL vs. Immudb vs. Postgres-XL

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. HyperSQL vs. Immudb vs. Postgres-XL

Please select another system to include it in the comparison.

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonImmudb  Xexclude from comparisonPostgres-XL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemMultithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBAn open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.Based on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster features
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score3.49
Rank#87  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
Score0.24
Rank#305  Overall
#43  Key-value stores
Score0.49
Rank#256  Overall
#117  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comhsqldb.orggithub.com/­codenotary/­immudb
immudb.io
www.postgres-xl.org
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comhsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmldocs.immudb.iowww.postgres-xl.org/­documentation
Developer4D, IncCodenotary
Initial release1984200120202014 infosince 2012, originally named StormDB
Current releasev20, April 20232.7.2, June 20231.2.3, April 202210 R1, October 2018
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infobased on BSD licenseOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoMozilla public license
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaGoC
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modesBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Linux
macOS
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonoyes infoXML type, but no XML query functionality
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesSQL-like syntaxyes infodistributed, parallel query execution
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
HTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesJava, SQLnouser defined functions
Triggersyesyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneShardinghorizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID infoMVCC
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services

We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBImmudbPostgres-XL
DB-Engines blog posts

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

show all

Recent citations in the news

HyperSQL DataBase flaw leaves library vulnerable to RCE
24 October 2022, The Daily Swig

Introduction to JDBC with HSQLDB tutorial
14 November 2022, TheServerSide.com

provided by Google News

Codenotary Releases immudb v1.9DOM
19 October 2023, businesswire.com

Codenotary brings its immutable database to the cloud
21 June 2023, TechCrunch

Codenotary launches cloud version of tamper-proof database
27 June 2023, SC Media

ImmuDB and Codenotary: It's a database, but the company isn't
20 December 2021, ZDNet

Immudb: Open-source database, built on a zero trust model
17 December 2021, Help Net Security

provided by Google News



Share this page

Featured Products

SingleStore logo

The database to transact, analyze and contextualize your data in real time.
Try it today.

Milvus logo

Vector database designed for GenAI, fully equipped for enterprise implementation.
Try Managed Milvus for Free

Neo4j logo

See for yourself how a graph database can make your life easier.
Use Neo4j online for free.

Datastax Astra logo

Bring all your data to Generative AI applications with vector search enabled by the most scalable
vector database available.
Try for Free

RaimaDB logo

RaimaDB, embedded database for mission-critical applications. When performance, footprint and reliability matters.
Try RaimaDB for free.

Present your product here