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DBMS > 4D vs. Hazelcast vs. Pinecone vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Hazelcast vs. Pinecone vs. ToroDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonHazelcast  Xexclude from comparisonPinecone  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA widely adopted in-memory data gridA managed, cloud-native vector databaseA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeVector DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoJSON support with IMDG 3.12
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score5.46
Rank#61  Overall
#7  Key-value stores
Score3.23
Rank#92  Overall
#2  Vector DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comhazelcast.comwww.pinecone.iogithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comhazelcast.org/­imdg/­docsdocs.pinecone.io/­docs/­overview
Developer4D, IncHazelcastPinecone Systems, Inc8Kdata
Initial release1984200820192016
Current releasev20, April 20235.3.6, November 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses availablecommercialOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJava
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMhostedAll OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesString, Number, Booleanyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyes infothe object must implement a serialization strategynono
Secondary indexesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like query languageno
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JCache
JPA
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes infoEvent Listeners, Executor Services
Triggersyesyes infoEventsno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes infoReplicated MapSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency selectable by user infoRaft Consensus AlgorithmEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDone or two-phase-commit; repeatable reads; read commitedno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsRole-based access controlAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionHazelcastPineconeToroDB
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