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DBMS > 4D vs. Hazelcast vs. NuoDB vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Hazelcast vs. NuoDB vs. ToroDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonHazelcast  Xexclude from comparisonNuoDB  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA widely adopted in-memory data gridNuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactionsA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoJSON support with IMDG 3.12
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score5.97
Rank#57  Overall
#6  Key-value stores
Score0.89
Rank#198  Overall
#92  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comhazelcast.comwww.3ds.com/­nuodb-distributed-sql-databasegithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comhazelcast.org/­imdg/­docsdoc.nuodb.com
Developer4D, IncHazelcastDassault Systèmes infooriginally NuoDB, Inc.8Kdata
Initial release1984200820132016
Current releasev20, April 20235.3.6, November 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses availablecommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++Java
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMhosted infoAmazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyes infothe object must implement a serialization strategynono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like query languageyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JCache
JPA
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes infoEvent Listeners, Executor ServicesJava, SQL
Triggersyesyes infoEventsyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingdata is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/writtenSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes infoReplicated Mapyes infoManaged transparently by NuoDBSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency selectable by user infoRaft Consensus AlgorithmImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDone or two-phase-commit; repeatable reads; read commitedACID infotunable commit protocolno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoMVCCyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes infoTemporary table
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsRole-based access controlStandard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative UsersAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionHazelcastNuoDBToroDB
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