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DBMS > 4D vs. Hazelcast vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. QuestDB vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Hazelcast vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. QuestDB vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonHazelcast  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonQuestDB  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA widely adopted in-memory data gridGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceA high performance open source SQL database for time series dataIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Time Series DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoJSON support with IMDG 3.12Spatial DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score5.97
Rank#57  Overall
#6  Key-value stores
Score29.04
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score2.52
Rank#109  Overall
#9  Time Series DBMS
Score1.31
Rank#163  Overall
#74  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comhazelcast.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbquestdb.iowww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comhazelcast.org/­imdg/­docslearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbquestdb.io/­docsdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
Developer4D, IncHazelcastMicrosoftQuestDB Technology IncOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release19842008201420141998
Current releasev20, April 20235.3.6, November 202311 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses availablecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaJava (Zero-GC), C++, Rust
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMhostedLinux
macOS
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeyes infoschema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocolyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infoJSON typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyes infothe object must implement a serialization strategynono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like query languageSQL-like query languageSQL with time-series extensionsyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JCache
JPA
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
HTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
C infoPostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust infoover HTTP
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes infoEvent Listeners, Executor ServicesJavaScriptnoPL/SQL
Triggersyesyes infoEventsJavaScriptnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicehorizontal partitioning (by timestamps)none
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes infoReplicated Mapyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSource-replica replication with eventual consistencyMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyeswith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*nono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency selectable by user infoRaft Consensus AlgorithmBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDone or two-phase-commit; repeatable reads; read commitedMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionACID for single-table writesACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes infothrough memory mapped filesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsRole-based access controlAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionHazelcastMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBQuestDBTimesTen
Specific characteristicsRelational model with native time series support Column-based storage and time partitioned...
» more
Competitive advantagesHigh ingestion throughput: peak of 4M rows/sec (TSBS Benchmark) Code optimizations...
» more
Typical application scenariosFinancial tick data Industrial IoT Application Metrics Monitoring
» more
Key customersBanks & Hedge funds, Yahoo, OKX, Airbus, Aquis Exchange, Net App, Cloudera, Airtel,...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsOpen source Apache 2.0 QuestDB Enterprise QuestDB Cloud
» more
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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionHazelcastMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBQuestDBTimesTen
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