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DBMS > 4D vs. Hazelcast vs. Lovefield vs. SQL.JS

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Hazelcast vs. Lovefield vs. SQL.JS

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

A widely adopted in-memory data grid

Embeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScript

Port of SQLite to JavaScript

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

JSON support with IMDG 3.12

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	5.46
Rank	#61	Overall
	#7	Key-value stores

Score	0.33
Rank	#286	Overall
	#131	Relational DBMS

Score	0.63
Rank	#241	Overall
	#112	Relational DBMS

Website

google.github.io/lovefield

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

hazelcast.org/imdg/docs

github.com/google/lovefield/blob/master/docs/spec_index.md

sql.js.org/documentation/index.html

Developer

4D, Inc

Hazelcast

Google

Alon Zakai

enhancements implemented by others

Initial release

1984

2008

2014

2012

Current release

v20, April 2023

5.3.6, November 2023

2.1.12, February 2017

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2; commercial licenses available

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

no

no

no

no

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

JavaScript

JavaScript

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

tested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safari

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes

yes

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

yes

the object must implement a serialization strategy

no

no

Secondary indexes

yes

yes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SQL-like query language

SQL-like query language

via JavaScript builder pattern

yes

SQL-92 is not fully supported

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JCache
JPA
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API

JavaScript API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

.Net
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala

JavaScript

JavaScript

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

yes

Event Listeners, Executor Services

no

no

Triggers

yes

yes

Events

Using read-only observers

no

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

none

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

yes

Replicated Map

none

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

no

yes

no

no

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency selectable by user

Raft Consensus Algorithm

none

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

no

yes

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

one or two-phase-commit; repeatable reads; read commited

ACID

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes

yes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Database

no

except by serializing a db to a file

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

no

yes

yes

using MemoryDB

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Role-based access control

no

no

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

New kids on the block: database management systems implemented in JavaScript
1 December 2014, Matthias Gelbmann

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