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DBMS > 4D vs. HarperDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. QuestDB vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. HarperDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. QuestDB vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonHarperDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonQuestDB  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemUltra-low latency distributed database with an intuitive REST API supporting NoSQL and SQL (including joins). Deployment of functions and databases simultaneously with a consolidated node-level architecture.Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceA high performance open source SQL database for time series dataIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Time Series DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.55
Rank#248  Overall
#38  Document stores
Score29.04
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score2.52
Rank#109  Overall
#9  Time Series DBMS
Score1.31
Rank#163  Overall
#74  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.harperdb.ioazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbquestdb.iowww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.harperdb.io/­docslearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbquestdb.io/­docsdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
Developer4D, IncHarperDBMicrosoftQuestDB Technology IncOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release19842017201420141998
Current releasev20, April 20233.1, August 202111 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infofree community edition availablecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageNode.jsJava (Zero-GC), C++, Rust
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
hostedLinux
macOS
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeyesdynamic schemaschema-freeyes infoschema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocolyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infoJSON data typesyes infoJSON typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like data manipulation statementsSQL-like query languageSQL with time-series extensionsyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
ODBC
React Hooks
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
WebSocket
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
HTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
C
C#
C++
ColdFusion
D
Dart
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
MatLab
Objective C
Perl
PHP
PowerShell
Prolog
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Swift
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
C infoPostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust infoover HTTP
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesCustom Functions infosince release 3.1JavaScriptnoPL/SQL
TriggersyesnoJavaScriptnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneA table resides as a whole on one (or more) nodes in a clusterSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicehorizontal partitioning (by timestamps)none
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes infothe nodes on which a table resides can be definedyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSource-replica replication with eventual consistencyMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonowith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*nono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDAtomic execution of specific operationsMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionACID for single-table writesACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes, using LMDByesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes infothrough memory mapped filesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users and rolesAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionHarperDBMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBQuestDBTimesTen
Specific characteristicsRelational model with native time series support Column-based storage and time partitioned...
» more
Competitive advantagesHigh ingestion throughput: peak of 4M rows/sec (TSBS Benchmark) Code optimizations...
» more
Typical application scenariosFinancial tick data Industrial IoT Application Metrics Monitoring
» more
Key customersBanks & Hedge funds, Yahoo, OKX, Airbus, Aquis Exchange, Net App, Cloudera, Airtel,...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsOpen source Apache 2.0 QuestDB Enterprise QuestDB Cloud
» more
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We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionHarperDBMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBQuestDBTimesTen
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