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DBMS > 4D vs. etcd vs. HEAVY.AI vs. Stardog vs. Tibero

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. etcd vs. HEAVY.AI vs. Stardog vs. Tibero

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonetcd  Xexclude from comparisonHEAVY.AI infoFormerly named 'OmniSci', rebranded to 'HEAVY.AI' in March 2022  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonTibero  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA distributed reliable key-value storeA high performance, column-oriented RDBMS, specifically developed to harness the massive parallelism of modern CPU and GPU hardwareEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationA secure RDBMS, designed for easy portability from Oracle
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score7.25
Rank#54  Overall
#5  Key-value stores
Score1.77
Rank#141  Overall
#65  Relational DBMS
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score1.78
Rank#140  Overall
#64  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.cometcd.io
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd
github.com/­heavyai/­heavydb
www.heavy.ai
www.stardog.comus.tmaxsoft.com/­products/­tibero
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.cometcd.io/­docs
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd/­tree/­master/­Documentation
docs.heavy.aidocs.stardog.comtechnet.tmaxsoft.com/­upload/­download/­online/­tibero/­pver-20150504-000002/­index.html
Developer4D, IncHEAVY.AI, Inc.Stardog-UnionTmaxSoft
Initial release1984201620102003
Current releasev20, April 20233.4, August 20195.10, January 20227.3.0, May 20206, April 2015
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2; enterprise edition availablecommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentscommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoC++ and CUDAJavaC and Assembler
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
Windows infoexperimental
LinuxLinux
macOS
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono infoImport/export of XML data possibleyes
Secondary indexesyesnonoyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noyesYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Serveryes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
gRPC
JSON over HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
Vega
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Tibero CLI
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/Thrift
Python
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Cobol
Java
Objective-C
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnonouser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in JavaPersistent Stored Procedure (PSM)
Triggersyesyes, watching key changesnoyes infovia event handlersyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoRound robinnonehorizontal partitioning infoby range, hash, list or composite
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.Multi-source replicationMulti-source replication in HA-ClusterMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-ClusterImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyes inforelationships in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnonoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyesno infoplanned for next version
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and rolesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard (SQL 92, SQL 99)

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionetcdHEAVY.AI infoFormerly named 'OmniSci', rebranded to 'HEAVY.AI' in March 2022StardogTibero
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