DBMS > 4D vs. HBase vs. OrigoDB vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. HBase vs. OrigoDB vs. ToroDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Wide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTable

A fully ACID in-memory object graph database

A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Wide column store

Document store
Object oriented DBMS

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	27.97
Rank	#26	Overall
	#2	Wide column stores

Score	0.06
Rank	#380	Overall
	#50	Document stores
	#19	Object oriented DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

hbase.apache.org

origodb.com

github.com/torodb/server

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

hbase.apache.org/book.html

origodb.com/docs

Developer

4D, Inc

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Powerset

Robert Friberg et al

8Kdata

Initial release

1984

2008

2009

under the name LiveDB

2016

Current release

v20, April 2023

2.3.4, January 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

AGPL-V3

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux
Unix
Windows

using Cygwin

Linux
Windows

All OS with a Java 7 VM

Data scheme

yes

schema-free, schema definition possible

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

options to bring your own types, AVRO

User defined using .NET types and collections

yes

string, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

can be achieved using .NET

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift

.NET Client API
HTTP API
LINQ

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala

.Net

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Coprocessors in Java

yes

Triggers

yes

Domain Events

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

horizontal partitioning

client side managed; servers are not synchronized

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

depending on model

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Single row ACID (across millions of columns)

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Write ahead log

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Access Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC

Role based authorization

Access rights for users and roles

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