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DBMS > 4D vs. HBase vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Prometheus

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. HBase vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Prometheus

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonHBase  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonPrometheus  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemWide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTableFully managed big data interactive analytics platformOpen-source Time Series DBMS and monitoring system
Primary database modelRelational DBMSWide column storeRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score30.50
Rank#26  Overall
#2  Wide column stores
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score8.42
Rank#47  Overall
#2  Time Series DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comhbase.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerprometheus.io
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comhbase.apache.org/­book.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerprometheus.io/­docs
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by PowersetMicrosoft
Initial release1984200820192015
Current releasev20, April 20232.3.4, January 2021cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaGo
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
Unix
Windows infousing Cygwin
hostedLinux
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-free, schema definition possibleFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesoptions to bring your own types, AVROyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesNumeric data only
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyesno infoImport of XML data possible
Secondary indexesyesnoall fields are automatically indexedno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetno
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C++
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes infoCoprocessors in JavaYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rno
Triggersyesyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yes infoby Federation
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
none
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDSingle row ACID (across millions of columns)nono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABACAzure Active Directory Authenticationno

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4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionHBaseMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerPrometheus
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