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DBMS > 4D vs. H2 vs. ObjectBox vs. SingleStore vs. Weaviate

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. H2 vs. ObjectBox vs. SingleStore vs. Weaviate

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonObjectBox  Xexclude from comparisonSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQL  Xexclude from comparisonWeaviate  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Lightweight, fast on-device database for IoT, Mobile and Embedded devices, persisting and synchronising objects and vectorsMySQL wire-compliant distributed RDBMS that combines an in-memory row-oriented and a disc-based column-oriented storage with patented universal storage to handle transactional and analytical workloads in one single table typeAn AI-native realtime vector database engine that integrates scalable machine learning models.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSObject oriented DBMS
Vector DBMS
Relational DBMSVector DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSTime Series DBMSDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.37
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score7.57
Rank#47  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score1.08
Rank#179  Overall
#6  Object oriented DBMS
#9  Vector DBMS
Score4.02
Rank#74  Overall
#39  Relational DBMS
Score1.48
Rank#149  Overall
#8  Vector DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.h2database.comgithub.com/­objectbox
objectbox.io
www.singlestore.comgithub.com/­weaviate/­weaviate
weaviate.io
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmldocs.objectbox.iodocs.singlestore.comweaviate.io/­developers/­weaviate
Developer4D, IncThomas MuellerObjectBox LimitedSingleStore Inc.Weaviate B.V.
Initial release19842005201720132019
Current releasev20, April 20232.2.220, July 20234.0 (May 2024)8.5, January 20241.19, May 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Bindings are released under Apache 2.0 infoApache License 2.0commercial infofree developer edition availableOpen Source infocommercial license available with Weaviate Enterprise
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC and C++C++, GoGo
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMAndroid
Any POSIX system
Docker
iOS
Linux
macOS
QNX
Windows
Linux info64 bit version required
Data schemeyesyesyesyesyes, maps to GraphQL interface
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes, plus "flex" map-like typesyesyes infostring, int, float, geo point, date, cross reference, fuzzy references
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes infoall data objects are indexed in a semantic vector space (the Contextionary), all primitive fields are indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesnoyes infobut no triggers and foreign keysGraphQL is used as query language
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native APICluster Management API infoas HTTP Rest and CLI
HTTP API
JDBC
MongoDB API
ODBC
GraphQL query language
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
JavaC
C++
Dart (Flutter)
Go
Java
Kotlin
Python
Swift
Bash
C
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
JavaScript / TypeScript
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsnoyesno
Triggersyesyesnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonenoneSharding infohash partitioningSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseData sync between devices allowing occasional connected databases to work completely offlineSource-replica replication infostores two copies of each physical data partition on two separate nodesyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono infocan define user-defined aggregate functions for map-reduce-style calculationsno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoAll updates are persistent, including those to disk-based columnstores and memory-based row stores. Transaction commits are supported via write-ahead log.yes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesFine grained access control via users, groups and rolesAPI Keys
OpenID Connect Discovery
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionH2ObjectBoxSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQLWeaviate
Specific characteristicsWeaviate is an open source vector database that is robust, scalable, cloud-native,...
» more
Competitive advantagesFlexible deployment - Free, open source or fully-managed cloud vector database service...
» more
Typical application scenariosAs a database supporting the development of generative AI and semantic search applications...
» more
Key customersAll companies that have data. ​
» more
Market metricsAs of mid 2023: Over 2 million open source downloads 3500+ Weaviate Slack community...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsWeaviate is open-source, and free to use. Weaviate is also available as a fully managed...
» more
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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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