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DBMS > 4D vs. H2 vs. Neo4j vs. ObjectBox vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. H2 vs. Neo4j vs. ObjectBox vs. Trafodion

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonObjectBox  Xexclude from comparisonTrafodion  Xexclude from comparison
Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Scalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsLightweight, fast on-device database for IoT, Mobile and Embedded devices, persisting and synchronising objects and vectorsTransactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMSObject oriented DBMS
Vector DBMS
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSTime Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.37
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score7.57
Rank#47  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score42.68
Rank#21  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score1.08
Rank#179  Overall
#6  Object oriented DBMS
#9  Vector DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.h2database.comneo4j.comgithub.com/­objectbox
objectbox.io
trafodion.apache.org
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlneo4j.com/­docsdocs.objectbox.iotrafodion.apache.org/­documentation.html
Developer4D, IncThomas MuellerNeo4j, Inc.ObjectBox LimitedApache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP
Initial release19842005200720172014
Current releasev20, April 20232.2.220, July 20235.23, August 20244.0 (May 2024)2.3.0, February 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availableBindings are released under Apache 2.0 infoApache License 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4jā€™s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageJavaJava, ScalaC and C++C++, Java
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Android
Any POSIX system
Docker
iOS
Linux
macOS
QNX
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesyesschema-free and schema-optionalyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes, plus "flex" map-like typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesnonoyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
ODBC
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
Proprietary native APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Java.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C
C++
Dart (Flutter)
Go
Java
Kotlin
Python
Swift
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsyes infoUser defined Procedures and FunctionsnoJava Stored Procedures
Triggersyesyesyes infovia event handlernono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneyes using Neo4j FabricnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlyData sync between devices allowing occasional connected databases to work completely offlineyes, via HBase
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononoyes infovia user defined functions and HBase
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyes infoRelationships in graphsyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)yesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionH2Neo4jObjectBoxTrafodion
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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