DBMS > 4D vs. H2 vs. Microsoft Access vs. Trino

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. H2 vs. Microsoft Access vs. Trino

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

Microsoft Access combines a backend RDBMS (JET / ACE Engine) with a GUI frontend for data manipulation and queries.

The Access frontend is often used for accessing other datasources (DBMS, Excel, etc.)

Fast distributed SQL query engine for big data analytics. Forked from Presto and originally named PrestoSQL

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Document store
Key-value store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Wide column store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.37
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	7.57
Rank	#47	Overall
	#30	Relational DBMS

Score	93.76
Rank	#12	Overall
	#8	Relational DBMS

Score	5.28
Rank	#61	Overall
	#35	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

www.h2database.com

www.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-365/access

trino.io

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

developer.microsoft.com/en-us/access

trino.io/broadcast
trino.io/docs/current

Developer

4D, Inc

Thomas Mueller

Microsoft

Trino Software Foundation

Initial release

1984

2005

1992

2012

2020 rebranded from PrestoSQL

Current release

v20, April 2023

2.2.220, July 2023

1902 (16.0.11328.20222), March 2019

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

commercial

Bundled with Microsoft Office

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

Windows

Not a real database server, but making use of DLLs

Linux
macOS

for devlopment

Data scheme

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

depending on connected data-source

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

but not compliant to any SQL standard

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
DAO
ODBC
OLE DB

JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Trino CLI

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

Java

C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java (JDBC-ODBC)
VBA
Visual Basic.NET

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

yes

since Access 2010 using the ACE-engine

yes, depending on connected data-source

Triggers

yes

since Access 2010 using the ACE-engine

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

depending on connected data-source

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

none

depending on connected data-source

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

depending on connected data-source

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

but no files for transaction logging

depending on connected data-source

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

but no files for transaction logging

depending on connected data-source

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

a simple user-level security was built in till version Access 2003

SQL standard access control

More information provided by the system vendor

News

23 is a go, keeping pace with Java
17 September 2024

65: Performance boosts
12 September 2024

64: Control with Open Policy Agent OPA
22 August 2024

63: Querying with JS
1 August 2024

62: A lakehouse that simply works at Prezi
11 July 2024

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

show all

MS Access drops in DB-Engines Ranking
2 May 2013, Paul Andlinger

Microsoft SQL Server regained rank 2 in the DB-Engines popularity ranking
3 December 2012, Matthias Gelbmann

New DB-Engines Ranking shows the popularity of database management systems
3 October 2012, Matthias Gelbmann, Paul Andlinger

show all

Recent citations in the news

I live with MS: Access to affordable healthcare is my lifeline | Opinion
14 August 2024, Miami Herald

Abusing Microsoft Access "Linked Table" Feature to Perform NTLM Forced Authentication Attacks
9 November 2023, Check Point Research

Hackers Exploit Microsoft Access Feature to Steal Windows User’s NTLM Tokens
11 November 2023, CybersecurityNews

After installing Navisworks, Office 2016 (32-bit) applications stopped launching
8 October 2023, Autodesk Redshift

Access Migration to Power Apps and Dataverse is released to General Availability
11 May 2022, Microsoft

provided by Google News

The Perfect AI Storage: Trino From Facebook And Iceberg From Netflix?
30 April 2024, The Next Platform

A look at Presto, Trino SQL query engines
9 August 2022, TechTarget

Trino: The Open-source Data Query Engine That Split from Facebook
30 March 2022, hackernoon.com

Query big data with resilience using Trino in Amazon EMR with Amazon EC2 Spot Instances for less cost
4 October 2023, AWS Blog

Starburst accelerates Trino to ‘Warp Speed’ to accelerate data querying
8 February 2023, VentureBeat

provided by Google News

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