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DBMS > 4D vs. H2 vs. JanusGraph vs. NuoDB vs. Realm

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. H2 vs. JanusGraph vs. NuoDB vs. Realm

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonJanusGraph infosuccessor of Titan  Xexclude from comparisonNuoDB  Xexclude from comparisonRealm  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.A Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters infoIt was forked from the latest code base of Titan in January 2017NuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactionsA DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core Data
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score1.94
Rank#129  Overall
#12  Graph DBMS
Score0.89
Rank#198  Overall
#92  Relational DBMS
Score7.60
Rank#52  Overall
#9  Document stores
Websitewww.4d.comwww.h2database.comjanusgraph.orgwww.3ds.com/­nuodb-distributed-sql-databaserealm.io
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmldocs.janusgraph.orgdoc.nuodb.comrealm.io/­docs
Developer4D, IncThomas MuellerLinux Foundation; originally developed as Titan by AureliusDassault Systèmes infooriginally NuoDB, Inc.Realm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019
Initial release19842005201720132014
Current releasev20, April 20232.2.220, July 20230.6.3, February 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoApache 2.0commercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaC++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
hosted infoAmazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows
Android
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesnoyesno
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
ODBC
Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
JavaClojure
Java
Python
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Java infowith Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsyesJava, SQLno inforuns within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessary
Triggersyesyesyesyesyes infoChange Listeners
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneyes infodepending on the used storage backend (e.g. Cassandra, HBase, BerkeleyDB)data is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/writtennone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseyesyes infoManaged transparently by NuoDBnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics enginenono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyes infoRelationships in graphsyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID infotunable commit protocolACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes infoMVCC
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcastyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes infoTemporary tableyes infoIn-Memory realm
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUser authentification and security via Rexster Graph ServerStandard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative Usersyes

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionH2JanusGraph infosuccessor of TitanNuoDBRealm
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