DBMS > 4D vs. Greenplum vs. ToroDB vs. Trafodion vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Greenplum vs. ToroDB vs. Trafodion vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Analytic Database platform built on PostgreSQL. Full name is Pivotal Greenplum Database

A logical database in Greenplum is an array of individual PostgreSQL databases working together to present a single database image.

A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL

Transactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS

A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	8.37
Rank	#48	Overall
	#30	Relational DBMS

Score	0.11
Rank	#343	Overall
	#46	Document stores

Website

www.4d.com

greenplum.org

github.com/torodb/server

trafodion.apache.org

github.com/xtdb/xtdb
www.xtdb.com

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

docs.greenplum.org

trafodion.apache.org/documentation.html

www.xtdb.com/docs

Developer

4D, Inc

Pivotal Software Inc.

8Kdata

Apache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP

Juxt Ltd.

Initial release

1984

2005

2016

2014

2019

Current release

v20, April 2023

7.0.0, September 2023

2.3.0, February 2019

1.19, September 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

AGPL-V3

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++, Java

Clojure

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux

All OS with a Java 7 VM

Linux

All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id

yes

yes, extensible-data-notation format

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

since Version 4.2

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

HTTP REST
JDBC

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C
Java
Perl
Python
R

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net

Clojure
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Java Stored Procedures

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Source-replica replication

yes, via HBase

yes, each node contains all data

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

via user defined functions and HBase

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users and roles

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

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