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DBMS > 4D vs. Greenplum vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Stardog vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Greenplum vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Stardog vs. Trafodion

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonGreenplum  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonTrafodion  Xexclude from comparison
Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAnalytic Database platform built on PostgreSQL. Full name is Pivotal Greenplum Database infoA logical database in Greenplum is an array of individual PostgreSQL databases working together to present a single database image.Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationTransactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score8.37
Rank#48  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websitewww.4d.comgreenplum.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticswww.stardog.comtrafodion.apache.org
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.greenplum.orgdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsdocs.stardog.comtrafodion.apache.org/­documentation.html
Developer4D, IncPivotal Software Inc.MicrosoftStardog-UnionApache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP
Initial release19842005201620102014
Current releasev20, April 20237.0.0, September 20237.3.0, May 20202.3.0, February 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentsOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++JavaC++, Java
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
LinuxhostedLinux
macOS
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyes infosince Version 4.2nono infoImport/export of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesyesYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Serveryes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
Java
Perl
Python
R
C#
Java
PHP
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyesTransact SQLuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in JavaJava Stored Procedures
Triggersyesyesnoyes infovia event handlersno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingSharding, horizontal partitioningnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSource-replica replicationyesMulti-source replication in HA-Clusteryes, via HBase
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnonoyes infovia user defined functions and HBase
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-ClusterImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsyes inforelationships in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesAccess rights for users and rolesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionGreenplumMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseStardogTrafodion
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