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DBMS > 4D vs. etcd vs. Graphite vs. H2 vs. LevelDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. etcd vs. Graphite vs. H2 vs. LevelDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonetcd  Xexclude from comparisonGraphite  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA distributed reliable key-value storeData logging and graphing tool for time series data infoThe storage layer (fixed size database) is called WhisperFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeTime Series DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score7.25
Rank#54  Overall
#5  Key-value stores
Score4.57
Rank#73  Overall
#5  Time Series DBMS
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Websitewww.4d.cometcd.io
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd
github.com/­graphite-project/­graphite-webwww.h2database.comgithub.com/­google/­leveldb
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.cometcd.io/­docs
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd/­tree/­master/­Documentation
graphite.readthedocs.iowww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.md
Developer4D, IncChris DavisThomas MuellerGoogle
Initial release1984200620052011
Current releasev20, April 20233.4, August 20192.2.220, July 20231.23, February 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoPythonJavaC++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
Windows infoexperimental
Linux
Unix
All OS with a Java VMIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoNumeric data onlyyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesnonoyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92nonoyesno
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
gRPC
JSON over HTTP
HTTP API
Sockets
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
JavaC++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnonoJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsno
Triggersyesyes, watching key changesnoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonenonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.noneWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databasenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnonoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infolockingyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infowith automatic compression on writes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnonofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionetcdGraphiteH2LevelDB
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