DBMS > 4D vs. GraphDB vs. Hive vs. LeanXcale vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. GraphDB vs. Hive vs. LeanXcale vs. Trafodion

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Enterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.

data warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on Hadoop

A highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilities

Transactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Relational DBMS

Key-value store
Relational DBMS

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	3.32
Rank	#91	Overall
	#6	Graph DBMS
	#4	RDF stores

Score	61.17
Rank	#18	Overall
	#12	Relational DBMS

Score	0.29
Rank	#291	Overall
	#41	Key-value stores
	#132	Relational DBMS

Website

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

graphdb.ontotext.com/documentation

cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/Hive/Home

trafodion.apache.org/documentation.html

Social network pages

Developer

4D, Inc

Ontotext

Apache Software Foundation

initially developed by Facebook

LeanXcale

Apache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP

Initial release

1984

2000

2012

2015

2014

Current release

v20, April 2023

10.4, October 2023

3.1.3, April 2022

2.3.0, February 2019

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Some plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourced

Open Source

Apache Version 2

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++, Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapes

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

yes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

stored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBC

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

through Apache Derby

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1

JDBC
ODBC
Thrift

JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

C++
Java
PHP
Python

C
Java
Scala

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

well-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibility

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

Java Stored Procedures

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

selectable replication factor

yes, via HBase

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

yes

via user defined functions and HBase

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Constraint checking

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Default Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.

Access rights for users, groups and roles

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Ontotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more

Competitive advantages

GraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more

Typical application scenarios

Metadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more

Key customers

GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more

Market metrics

GraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

GraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more

News

Understanding the Graph Center of Excellence
17 May 2024

Migrating From LPG to RDF Graph Model
8 May 2024

Case study: Policy Enforcement Automation With Semantics
2 May 2024

Okay, RAG… We Have a Problem
26 April 2024

Scaling Understanding with the Help of Feedback Loops, Knowledge Graphs and NLP
19 April 2024

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services

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