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DBMS > 4D vs. GraphDB vs. H2 vs. NebulaGraph vs. ObjectBox

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. GraphDB vs. H2 vs. NebulaGraph vs. ObjectBox

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparisonObjectBox  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemEnterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMSExtremely fast embedded database for small devices, IoT and Mobile
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSGraph DBMSObject oriented DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSTime Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score3.25
Rank#91  Overall
#7  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score8.33
Rank#46  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score2.23
Rank#116  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Score1.29
Rank#166  Overall
#5  Object oriented DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.ontotext.comwww.h2database.comgithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
objectbox.io
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmldocs.nebula-graph.iodocs.objectbox.io
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
Developer4D, IncOntotextThomas MuellerVesoft Inc.ObjectBox Limited
Initial release19842000200520192017
Current releasev20, April 202310.4, October 20232.2.220, July 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0Open Source infoApache License 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaJavaC++C and C++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMLinuxAndroid
iOS
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesyesStrong typed schemayes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesyesyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.yes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92stored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCyesSQL-like query languageno
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
JDBC
ODBC
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
Proprietary native API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Java.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
C
C++
Dart
Go
Java
JavaScript infoplanned (as of Jan 2019)
Kotlin
Python infoplanned (as of Jan 2019)
Swift
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyeswell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilityJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsuser defined functionsno
Triggersyesnoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonenoneShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replicationWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseCausal Clustering using Raft protocolonline/offline synchronization between client and server
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoConstraint checkingyesyes infoRelationships in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infousing RocksDByes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsDefault Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole-based access controlyes
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMH2NebulaGraphObjectBox
Specific characteristicsOntotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more
NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
Competitive advantagesGraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
Typical application scenariosMetadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
Key customers​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more
Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Market metricsGraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more
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