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DBMS > 4D vs. Graph Engine vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Tigris vs. TinkerGraph

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Graph Engine vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Tigris vs. TinkerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonGraph Engine infoformer name: Trinity  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonTigris  Xexclude from comparisonTinkerGraph  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation engineElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerA horizontally scalable, ACID transactional, document database available both as a fully managed cloud service and for deployment on self-managed infrastructureA lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 API
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Key-value store
Relational DBMSDocument store
Key-value store
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Graph DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.61
Rank#240  Overall
#21  Graph DBMS
#35  Key-value stores
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score0.02
Rank#369  Overall
#51  Document stores
#55  Key-value stores
#24  Search engines
#38  Time Series DBMS
Score0.08
Rank#348  Overall
#35  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.graphengine.ioazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticswww.tigrisdata.comtinkerpop.apache.org/­docs/­current/­reference/­#tinkergraph-gremlin
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwww.graphengine.io/­docs/­manualdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticswww.tigrisdata.com/­docs
Developer4D, IncMicrosoftMicrosoftTigris Data, Inc.
Initial release19842010201620222009
Current releasev20, April 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoMIT LicensecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation language.NET and CC++Java
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
.NEThostedLinux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noyesnono
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
RESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
CLI Client
gRPC
RESTful HTTP API
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
C++
F#
Visual Basic
C#
Java
PHP
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Groovy
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyesTransact SQLnono
Triggersyesnononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioningSharding, horizontal partitioningShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyesyesnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistencynone
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesno
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesoptional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storageyesyes, using FoundationDBoptional
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsyesAccess rights for users and rolesno

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionGraph Engine infoformer name: TrinityMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseTigrisTinkerGraph
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