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DBMS > 4D vs. dBASE vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. searchxml vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. dBASE vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. searchxml vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisondBASE  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonsearchxml  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemdBase was one of the first databases with a development environment on PC's. Its latest version dBase V is still sold as dBase classic, which needs a DOS Emulation. The up-to-date product is dBase plus.A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.DBMS for structured and unstructured content wrapped with an application serverIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSNative XML DBMS
Search engine
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score9.70
Rank#44  Overall
#28  Relational DBMS
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score0.03
Rank#390  Overall
#7  Native XML DBMS
#24  Search engines
Score1.36
Rank#161  Overall
#75  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.dbase.comcloud.google.com/­spannerwww.searchxml.net/­category/­productswww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwww.dbase.com/­support/­knowledgebasecloud.google.com/­spanner/­docswww.searchxml.net/­support/­handoutsdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
Developer4D, IncAsthon TateGoogleinformationpartners gmbhOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release19841979201720151998
Current releasev20, April 2023dBASE 2019, 20191.011 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercialcommercialcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
DOS infodBase Classic
Windows infodBase Pro
hostedWindowsAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011noyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
none infoThe IDE can access other DBMS or ODBC-sources.gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
RESTful HTTP API
WebDAV
XQuery
XSLT
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
dBase proprietary IDEGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C++ infomost other programming languages supported via APIsC
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesno infoThe IDE can access stored procedures in other database systems.noyes infoon the application serverPL/SQL
Triggersyesnononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneShardingnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnoneMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yes infosychronisation to multiple collectionsMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infonot for dBase internal data, but IDE does support transactions when accessing external DBMSACID infoStrict serializable isolationmultiple readers, single writerACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users and rolesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Domain, group and role-based access control at the document level and for application servicesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensiondBASEGoogle Cloud SpannersearchxmlTimesTen
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