DBMS > 4D vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. JaguarDB vs. TerminusDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. JaguarDB vs. TerminusDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.

Performant, highly scalable DBMS for AI and IoT applications

Scalable Graph Database platform making enterprise data available by exploiting inferred entities and relationships

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store
Vector DBMS

Graph DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
RDF store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.37
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	2.69
Rank	#101	Overall
	#51	Relational DBMS

Score	0.00
Rank	#385	Overall
	#61	Key-value stores
	#16	Vector DBMS

Score	0.19
Rank	#311	Overall
	#27	Graph DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

cloud.google.com/spanner

www.jaguardb.com

terminusdb.com

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

cloud.google.com/spanner/docs

www.jaguardb.com/support.html

terminusdb.github.io/terminusdb/#

Developer

4D, Inc

Google

DataJaguar, Inc.

DataChemist Ltd.

Initial release

1984

2017

2015

2018

Current release

v20, April 2023

3.3 July 2023

11.0.0, January 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

GPL V3.0

Open Source

GPL V3

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

the server part. Clients available in other languages

Prolog, Rust

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

hosted

Linux

Data scheme

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

Query statements complying to ANSI 2011

A subset of ANSI SQL is implemented

but no views, foreign keys, triggers

SQL-like query language (WOQL)

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC

At present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC

OWL
RESTful HTTP API
WOQL (Web Object Query Language)

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

JavaScript
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Graph Partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Multi-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.

Multi-source replication

Journaling Streams

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

using Google Cloud Dataflow

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

by using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Strict serializable isolation

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

in-memory journaling

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

rights management via user accounts

Role-based access control

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

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Recent citations in the news

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23 July 2024, InfoWorld

Google Cloud adds graph and vector search features to Spanner database
2 August 2024, Techzine Europe

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1 August 2024, InfoQ.com

New features make Google's Spanner a database for AI
1 August 2024, TechTarget

Google Cloud expands its database portfolio with new AI capabilities
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15 March 2021, The Irish Times

Bus Terminus Update – April 26th
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provided by Google News

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