DBMS > 4D vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Hazelcast vs. MySQL vs. Oracle Coherence

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Hazelcast vs. MySQL vs. Oracle Coherence

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.

A widely adopted in-memory data grid

Widely used open source RDBMS

Oracles in-memory data grid solution

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Key/Value like access via memcached API

Key-value store

Secondary database models

Document store

JSON support with IMDG 3.12

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	2.84
Rank	#100	Overall
	#51	Relational DBMS

Score	5.46
Rank	#61	Overall
	#7	Key-value stores

Score	1061.34
Rank	#2	Overall
	#2	Relational DBMS

Score	1.97
Rank	#129	Overall
	#22	Key-value stores

Website

www.4d.com

cloud.google.com/spanner

hazelcast.com

www.mysql.com

www.oracle.com/java/coherence

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

cloud.google.com/spanner/docs

hazelcast.org/imdg/docs

dev.mysql.com/doc

docs.oracle.com/en/middleware/standalone/coherence

Developer

4D, Inc

Google

Hazelcast

Oracle

since 2010, originally MySQL AB, then Sun

Oracle

Initial release

1984

2017

2008

1995

2007

Current release

v20, April 2023

5.3.6, November 2023

8.4.0, April 2024

14.1, August 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2; commercial licenses available

Open Source

GPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are available

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

C and C++

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

hosted

All OS with a Java VM

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

the object must implement a serialization strategy

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

Query statements complying to ANSI 2011

SQL-like query language

yes

with proprietary extensions

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC

At present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API

JCache
JPA
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

JCache
JPA
RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

.Net
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

.Net
C++
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Event Listeners, Executor Services

yes

proprietary syntax

Triggers

yes

Events

yes

Live Events

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

horizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabric

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Multi-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.

yes

Replicated Map

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes, with selectable consistency level

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

using Google Cloud Dataflow

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency selectable by user

Raft Consensus Algorithm

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

by using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrity

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Strict serializable isolation

one or two-phase-commit; repeatable reads; read commited

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

configurable

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

table locks or row locks depending on storage engine

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

optionally

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Role-based access control

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

no user groups or roles

authentification to access the cache via certificates or http basic authentication

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