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DBMS > 4D vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Graphite vs. KeyDB vs. Postgres-XL

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Graphite vs. KeyDB vs. Postgres-XL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonGraphite  Xexclude from comparisonKeyDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgres-XL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Data logging and graphing tool for time series data infoThe storage layer (fixed size database) is called WhisperAn ultra-fast, open source Key-value store fully compatible with Redis API, modules, and protocolsBased on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster features
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score4.57
Rank#73  Overall
#5  Time Series DBMS
Score0.71
Rank#226  Overall
#33  Key-value stores
Score0.49
Rank#256  Overall
#117  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comcloud.google.com/­spannergithub.com/­graphite-project/­graphite-webgithub.com/­Snapchat/­KeyDB
keydb.dev
www.postgres-xl.org
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsgraphite.readthedocs.iodocs.keydb.devwww.postgres-xl.org/­documentation
Developer4D, IncGoogleChris DavisEQ Alpha Technology Ltd.
Initial release19842017200620192014 infosince 2012, originally named StormDB
Current releasev20, April 202310 R1, October 2018
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoBSD-3Open Source infoMozilla public license
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languagePythonC++C
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
hostedLinux
Unix
LinuxLinux
macOS
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesNumeric data onlypartial infoSupported data types are strings, hashes, lists, sets and sorted sets, bit arrays, hyperloglogs and geospatial indexesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononoyes infoXML type, but no XML query functionality
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyes infoby using the Redis Search moduleyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011nonoyes infodistributed, parallel query execution
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP API
Sockets
Proprietary protocol infoRESP - REdis Serialization ProtocoADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Crystal
D
Dart
Elixir
Erlang
Fancy
Go
Haskell
Haxe
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Pascal
Perl
PHP
Prolog
Pure Data
Python
R
Rebol
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Swift
Tcl
Visual Basic
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnonoLuauser defined functions
Triggersyesnononoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnoneShardinghorizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.noneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencynoneEventual Consistency
Strong eventual consistency with CRDTs
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationnoOptimistic locking, atomic execution of commands blocks and scriptsACID infoMVCC
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infolockingyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoConfigurable mechanisms for persistency via snapshots and/or operations logsyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)nosimple password-based access control and ACLfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionGoogle Cloud SpannerGraphiteKeyDBPostgres-XL
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