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DBMS > 4D vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. RDFox vs. Teradata vs. TigerGraph

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. RDFox vs. Teradata vs. TigerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonRDFox  Xexclude from comparisonTeradata  Xexclude from comparisonTigerGraph  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAutomatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformHigh performance knowledge graph and semantic reasoning engineA hybrid cloud data analytics software platform (Teradata Vantage)A complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-time
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score4.47
Rank#76  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score0.23
Rank#308  Overall
#25  Graph DBMS
#14  RDF stores
Score45.33
Rank#21  Overall
#15  Relational DBMS
Score1.83
Rank#139  Overall
#13  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comcloud.google.com/­datastorewww.oxfordsemantic.techwww.teradata.comwww.tigergraph.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comcloud.google.com/­datastore/­docsdocs.oxfordsemantic.techdocs.teradata.comdocs.tigergraph.com
Developer4D, IncGoogleOxford Semantic TechnologiesTeradata
Initial release19842008201719842017
Current releasev20, April 20236.0, Septermber 2022Teradata Vantage 1.0 MU2, January 2019
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercialcommercialcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
hostedLinux
macOS
Windows
hosted
Linux
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-freeyes infoRDF schemasyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes, details hereyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infoJoin-index to prejoin tables, aggregate index, sparse index, hash index
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like query language (GQL)noyes infoSQL 2016 + extensionsSQL-like query language (GSQL)
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL 1.1
.NET Client API
HTTP REST
JDBC
JMS Adapter
ODBC
OLE DB
GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
Java
C
C++
Cobol
Java (JDBC-ODBC)
Perl
PL/1
Python
R
Ruby
C++
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesusing Google App Engineyes infoUDFs, stored procedures, table functions in parallelyes
TriggersyesCallbacks using the Google Apps Engineyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingSharding infoHashing
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication using Paxosreplication via a shared file systemMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode, Eventual Consistency in replicated setupsImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsyesyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of TransactionsACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Roles, resources, and access typesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole-based access control

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionGoogle Cloud DatastoreRDFoxTeradataTigerGraph
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