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DBMS > 4D vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. InfinityDB vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. InfinityDB vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonInfinityDB  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAutomatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformA Java embedded Key-Value Store which extends the Java Map interfaceWidely used in-process key-value storeIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeKey-value storeKey-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score4.47
Rank#76  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score0.00
Rank#378  Overall
#57  Key-value stores
Score2.21
Rank#117  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Score1.31
Rank#163  Overall
#74  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comcloud.google.com/­datastoreboilerbay.comwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.htmlwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comcloud.google.com/­datastore/­docsboilerbay.com/­infinitydb/­manualdocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.htmldocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
Developer4D, IncGoogleBoiler Bay Inc.Oracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by OracleOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release19842008200219941998
Current releasev20, April 20234.018.1.40, May 202011 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialcommercialOpen Source infocommercial license availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
hostedAll OS with a Java VMAIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyes infonested virtual Java Maps, multi-value, logical ‘tuple space’ runtime Schema upgradeschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes, details hereyes infoall Java primitives, Date, CLOB, BLOB, huge sparse arraysnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonoyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML editionno
Secondary indexesyesyesno infomanual creation possible, using inversions based on multi-value capabilityyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like query language (GQL)noyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is availableyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Access via java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentNavigableMap Interface
Proprietary API to InfinityDB ItemSpace (boilerbay.com/­docs/­ItemSpaceDataStructures.htm)
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesusing Google App EnginenonoPL/SQL
TriggersyesCallbacks using the Google Apps Enginenoyes infoonly for the SQL APIno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnonenonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication using PaxosnoneSource-replica replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.Immediate Consistency infoREAD-COMMITTED or SERIALIZEDImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsno infomanual creation possible, using inversions based on multi-value capabilitynoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of TransactionsACID infoOptimistic locking for transactions; no isolation for bulk loadsACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)nonofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionGoogle Cloud DatastoreInfinityDBOracle Berkeley DBTimesTen
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