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DBMS > 4D vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Ingres vs. Rockset vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Ingres vs. Rockset vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonIngres  Xexclude from comparisonRockset  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.Well established RDBMSA scalable, reliable search and analytics service in the cloud, built on RocksDBIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMS
Search engine
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score3.26
Rank#92  Overall
#13  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score4.11
Rank#81  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Score0.79
Rank#211  Overall
#35  Document stores
Score1.31
Rank#163  Overall
#74  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comcloud.google.com/­bigtablewww.actian.com/­databases/­ingresrockset.comwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comcloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docsdocs.actian.com/­ingresdocs.rockset.comdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
Developer4D, IncGoogleActian CorporationRocksetOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release198420151974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s20191998
Current releasev20, April 202311.2, May 202211 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercialcommercialcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCC++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
hostedAIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
hostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesdynamic typingyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availableno infoingestion from XML files supportedno
Secondary indexesyesnoyesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noyesRead-only SQL queries, including JOINsyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
HTTP RESTJDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoyesnoPL/SQL
Triggersyesnoyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardinghorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslyAutomatic shardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesIngres ReplicatoryesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDAtomic single-row operationsACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoMVCCyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and organizations can be defined via Rockset consolefine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionGoogle Cloud BigtableIngresRocksetTimesTen
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