DBMS > 4D vs. Google BigQuery vs. Microsoft Access vs. RethinkDB vs. TigerGraph

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Google BigQuery vs. Microsoft Access vs. RethinkDB vs. TigerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Large scale data warehouse service with append-only tables

Microsoft Access combines a backend RDBMS (JET / ACE Engine) with a GUI frontend for data manipulation and queries.

The Access frontend is often used for accessing other datasources (DBMS, Excel, etc.)

DBMS for the Web with a mechanism to push updated query results to applications in realtime.

A complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-time

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store

Graph DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	60.38
Rank	#19	Overall
	#13	Relational DBMS

Score	104.92
Rank	#11	Overall
	#8	Relational DBMS

Score	2.74
Rank	#105	Overall
	#19	Document stores

Score	1.83
Rank	#139	Overall
	#13	Graph DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

cloud.google.com/bigquery

www.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-365/access

rethinkdb.com

www.tigergraph.com

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs

developer.microsoft.com/en-us/access

rethinkdb.com/docs

docs.tigergraph.com

Developer

4D, Inc

Google

Microsoft

The Linux Foundation

since July 2017

Initial release

1984

2010

1992

2009

2017

Current release

v20, April 2023

1902 (16.0.11328.20222), March 2019

2.4.1, August 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Bundled with Microsoft Office

Open Source

Apache Version 2

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

hosted

Windows

Not a real database server, but making use of DLLs

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, binary, float, bool, date, geometry

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

but not compliant to any SQL standard

SQL-like query language (GSQL)

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

ADO.NET
DAO
ODBC
OLE DB

GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

.Net
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Ruby

C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java (JDBC-ODBC)
VBA
Visual Basic.NET

community-supported driver
C#

community-supported driver
C++

community-supported driver
Clojure

community-supported driver
Dart

community-supported driver
Erlang

community-supported driver
Go

community-supported driver
Haskell

community-supported driver
Java

official driver
JavaScript (Node.js)

official driver
Lisp

community-supported driver
Lua

community-supported driver
Objective-C

community-supported driver
Perl

community-supported driver
PHP

community-supported driver
Python

official driver
Ruby

official driver
Scala

community-supported driver

C++
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

in JavaScript

yes

since Access 2010 using the ACE-engine

yes

Triggers

yes

since Access 2010 using the ACE-engine

Client-side triggers through changefeeds

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

range based

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

none

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Since BigQuery is designed for querying data

ACID

but no files for transaction logging

Atomic single-document operations

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC based

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

but no files for transaction logging

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Access privileges (owner, writer, reader) on dataset, table or view level

Google Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM)

a simple user-level security was built in till version Access 2003

yes

users and table-level permissions

Role-based access control

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