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DBMS > 4D vs. Geode vs. Kdb vs. Raima Database Manager vs. SpaceTime

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Geode vs. Kdb vs. Raima Database Manager vs. SpaceTime

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonGeode  Xexclude from comparisonKdb  Xexclude from comparisonRaima Database Manager infoformerly named db_Vista  Xexclude from comparisonSpaceTime  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemGeode is a distributed data container, pooling memory, CPU, network resources, and optionally local disk across multiple processesHigh performance Time Series DBMSRDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into an application or used as a database serverSpaceTime is a spatio-temporal DBMS with a focus on performance.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeTime Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.92
Rank#131  Overall
#23  Key-value stores
Score7.55
Rank#53  Overall
#3  Time Series DBMS
#1  Vector DBMS
Score0.46
Rank#259  Overall
#120  Relational DBMS
#22  Time Series DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#7  Spatial DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comgeode.apache.orgkx.comraima.comwww.mireo.com/­spacetime
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comgeode.apache.org/­docscode.kx.comdocs.raima.com
Developer4D, IncOriginally developed by Gemstone. They outsourced the project to Apache in 2015 but still deliver a commercial version as Gemfire.Kx Systems, a division of First Derivatives plcRaima Inc.Mireo
Initial release198420022000 infokdb was released 2000, kdb+ in 200319842020
Current releasev20, April 20231.1, February 20173.6, May 201815, June 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses available as Gemfirecommercial infofree 32-bit versioncommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaqCC++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VM infothe JDK (8 or later) is also requiredLinux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Android
HP-UX
Integrity RTOS
iOS
Linux
OS X
QNX
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyesno infoExporting/Importing of XML structures possibleno
Secondary indexesyesnoyes infotable attribute 'grouped'yesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like query language (OQL)SQL-like query language (q)yesA subset of ANSI SQL is implemented
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Java Client API
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP API
JDBC
Jupyter
Kafka
ODBC
WebSocket
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
All JVM based languages
C++
Groovy
Java
Scala
C
C#
C++
Go
J
Java
JavaScript
Lua
MatLab
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Objective-C
PL/SQL
C#
C++
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functionsuser defined functionsyes infobased on the ANSI/ISO SQL Persistent Stored Modules (PSM) specificationno
Triggersyesyes infoCache Event Listenersyes infowith viewsyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardinghorizontal partitioninghorizontal partitioningFixed-grid hypercubes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replicationSource-replica replicationSource-replica replicationReal-time block device replication (DRBD)
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono infosimilar paradigm used for internal processingnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDyes, on a single nodenoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights per client and object definablerights management via user accountsnoyes
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionGeodeKdbRaima Database Manager infoformerly named db_VistaSpaceTime
Specific characteristicsIntegrated columnar database & programming system for streaming, real time and historical...
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Raima Database Manager (RDM) is an embedded time-series database optimized to run...
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Competitive advantagesprovides seamless scalability; runs on industry standard server platforms; is top-ranked...
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Decreased time-to-market Industry-standard interfaces & tools for making your job...
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Typical application scenariostick database streaming sensor data massive intelligence applications oil and gas...
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Typical use cases include: Internet of Things (IoT) Embedded In-Memory Database Time-Series...
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Key customersGoldman Sachs Morgan Stanley Merrill Lynch J.P. Morgan Deutsche Bank IEX Securities...
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Infor, ABB, The Boeing Company, BAE Systems, Dow Jones, Dun & Bradstreet, Fujitsu,...
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Market metricskdb+ performance and reliability proven by our customers in critical infrastructure...
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Over 30 000 applications developers worldwide have field-tested RDM products More...
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Licensing and pricing modelsupon request
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Just as the technical aspects of Raima Database Manager are flexible, so are the...
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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionGeodeKdbRaima Database Manager infoformerly named db_VistaSpaceTime
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