DBMS > 4D vs. Geode vs. Google BigQuery vs. Graph Engine

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Geode vs. Google BigQuery vs. Graph Engine

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Geode is a distributed data container, pooling memory, CPU, network resources, and optionally local disk across multiple processes

Large scale data warehouse service with append-only tables

A distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation engine

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS
Key-value store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	1.86
Rank	#134	Overall
	#24	Key-value stores

Score	58.10
Rank	#19	Overall
	#13	Relational DBMS

Score	0.67
Rank	#232	Overall
	#21	Graph DBMS
	#34	Key-value stores

Website

www.4d.com

geode.apache.org

cloud.google.com/bigquery

www.graphengine.io

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

geode.apache.org/docs

cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs

www.graphengine.io/docs/manual

Developer

4D, Inc

Originally developed by Gemstone. They outsourced the project to Apache in 2015 but still deliver a commercial version as Gemfire.

Google

Microsoft

Initial release

1984

2002

2010

Current release

v20, April 2023

1.1, February 2017

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2; commercial licenses available as Gemfire

commercial

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

.NET and C

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

the JDK (8 or later) is also required

hosted

.NET

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SQL-like query language (OQL)

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

Java Client API
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

.Net
All JVM based languages
C++
Groovy
Java
Scala

.Net
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Ruby

C#
C++
F#
Visual Basic

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

in JavaScript

yes

Triggers

yes

Cache Event Listeners

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

none

horizontal partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes, on a single node

Since BigQuery is designed for querying data

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

optional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storage

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Access rights per client and object definable

Access privileges (owner, writer, reader) on dataset, table or view level

Google Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM)

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