DBMS > 4D vs. GeoSpock vs. MySQL vs. NebulaGraph vs. QuestDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. GeoSpock vs. MySQL vs. NebulaGraph vs. QuestDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

GeoSpock seems to be discontinued. Therefore it will be excluded from the DB-Engines ranking.

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Spatial and temporal data processing engine for extreme data scale

Widely used open source RDBMS

A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS

A high performance open source SQL database for time series data

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key/Value like access via memcached API

Graph DBMS

Time Series DBMS

Secondary database models

Time Series DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	1061.34
Rank	#2	Overall
	#2	Relational DBMS

Score	2.23
Rank	#116	Overall
	#10	Graph DBMS

Score	2.70
Rank	#105	Overall
	#8	Time Series DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

geospock.com

www.mysql.com

github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula
www.nebula-graph.io

questdb.io

Technical documentation

Developer

4D, Inc

GeoSpock

Oracle

since 2010, originally MySQL AB, then Sun

Vesoft Inc.

QuestDB Technology Inc

Initial release

1984

1995

2019

2014

Current release

v20, April 2023

2.0, September 2019

8.4.0, April 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

GPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are available

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Aiven for MySQL: Fully managed MySQL, deployable in the cloud of your choice, with seamless integrations and lightning-fast setup.

Implementation language

Java, Javascript

C and C++

C++

Java (Zero-GC), C++, Rust

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

hosted

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Linux

Linux
macOS
Windows

Data scheme

yes

Strong typed schema

yes

schema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocol

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

temporal, categorical

yes

Nebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

ANSI SQL for query only (using Presto)

yes

with proprietary extensions

SQL-like query language

SQL with time-series extensions

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis

ORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL

HTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python

PostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust

over HTTP

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

proprietary syntax

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Automatic sharding

horizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabric

Sharding

horizontal partitioning (by timestamps)

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Causal Clustering using Raft protocol

Source-replica replication with eventual consistency

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

ACID

ACID for single-table writes

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

table locks or row locks depending on storage engine

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using RocksDB

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

through memory mapped files

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Access rights for users can be defined per table

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

no user groups or roles

Role-based access control

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more

Relational model with native time series support Column-based storage and time partitioned...
» more

Competitive advantages

NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more

High ingestion throughput: peak of 4M rows/sec (TSBS Benchmark) Code optimizations...
» more

Typical application scenarios

Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more

Financial tick data Industrial IoT Application Metrics Monitoring
» more

Key customers

Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more

Banks & Hedge funds, Yahoo, OKX, Airbus, Aquis Exchange, Net App, Cloudera, Airtel,...
» more

Market metrics

At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

Open source Apache 2.0 QuestDB Enterprise QuestDB Cloud
» more

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.