DBMS > 4D vs. etcd vs. GBase vs. LevelDB vs. OrigoDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. etcd vs. GBase vs. LevelDB vs. OrigoDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Widely used RDBMS in China, including analytical, transactional, distributed transactional, and cloud-native data warehousing.

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

A fully ACID in-memory object graph database

Primary database model

Document store
Object oriented DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	7.03
Rank	#54	Overall
	#5	Key-value stores

Score	1.05
Rank	#186	Overall
	#86	Relational DBMS

Score	2.25
Rank	#115	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	0.06
Rank	#380	Overall
	#50	Document stores
	#18	Object oriented DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

etcd.io
github.com/etcd-io/etcd

www.gbase.cn

github.com/google/leveldb

origodb.com

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

etcd.io/docs
github.com/etcd-io/etcd/tree/master/Documentation

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

origodb.com/docs

Developer

4D, Inc

General Data Technology Co., Ltd.

Google

Robert Friberg et al

Initial release

1984

2004

2011

2009

under the name LiveDB

Current release

v20, April 2023

3.4, August 2019

GBase 8a, GBase 8s, GBase 8c

1.23, February 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C, Java, Python

C++

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

FreeBSD
Linux
Windows

experimental

Linux

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

User defined using .NET types and collections

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

can be achieved using .NET

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

Standard with numerous extensions

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

gRPC
JSON over HTTP

ADO.NET
C API
JDBC
ODBC

.NET Client API
HTTP API
LINQ

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

.Net

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

yes

Triggers

yes

yes, watching key changes

yes

Domain Events

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

horizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioning

none

horizontal partitioning

client side managed; servers are not synchronized

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.

yes

none

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

depending on model

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes

Write ahead log

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

yes

Role based authorization

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