DBMS > 4D vs. GBase vs. Hive vs. Immudb

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. GBase vs. Hive vs. Immudb

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Widely used RDBMS in China, including analytical, transactional, distributed transactional, and cloud-native data warehousing.

data warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on Hadoop

An open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	1.05
Rank	#186	Overall
	#86	Relational DBMS

Score	59.76
Rank	#18	Overall
	#12	Relational DBMS

Score	0.31
Rank	#295	Overall
	#42	Key-value stores

Website

www.4d.com

www.gbase.cn

hive.apache.org

github.com/codenotary/immudb
immudb.io

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/Hive/Home

docs.immudb.io

Developer

4D, Inc

General Data Technology Co., Ltd.

Apache Software Foundation

initially developed by Facebook

Codenotary

Initial release

1984

2004

2012

2020

Current release

v20, April 2023

GBase 8a, GBase 8s, GBase 8c

3.1.3, April 2022

1.2.3, April 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C, Java, Python

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux

All OS with a Java VM

BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

Standard with numerous extensions

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

SQL-like syntax

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

ADO.NET
C API
JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
ODBC
Thrift

gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C++
Java
PHP
Python

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

horizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioning

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

yes

selectable replication factor

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

yes

Access rights for users, groups and roles

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