DBMS > 4D vs. GBase vs. Geode vs. HugeGraph vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. GBase vs. Geode vs. HugeGraph vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Widely used RDBMS in China, including analytical, transactional, distributed transactional, and cloud-native data warehousing.

Geode is a distributed data container, pooling memory, CPU, network resources, and optionally local disk across multiple processes

A fast-speed and highly-scalable Graph DBMS

In-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle

Primary database model

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	1.07
Rank	#185	Overall
	#86	Relational DBMS

Score	1.92
Rank	#131	Overall
	#23	Key-value stores

Score	0.13
Rank	#336	Overall
	#32	Graph DBMS

Score	1.31
Rank	#163	Overall
	#74	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

www.gbase.cn

geode.apache.org

github.com/hugegraph
hugegraph.apache.org

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/timesten.html

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

geode.apache.org/docs

hugegraph.apache.org/docs

docs.oracle.com/database/timesten-18.1

Developer

4D, Inc

General Data Technology Co., Ltd.

Originally developed by Gemstone. They outsourced the project to Apache in 2015 but still deliver a commercial version as Gemfire.

Baidu

Oracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP

originally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005

Initial release

1984

2004

2002

2018

1998

Current release

v20, April 2023

GBase 8a, GBase 8s, GBase 8c

1.1, February 2017

0.9

11 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2; commercial licenses available as Gemfire

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C, Java, Python

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux

All OS with a Java VM

the JDK (8 or later) is also required

Linux
macOS
Unix

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

also supports composite index and range index

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

Standard with numerous extensions

SQL-like query language (OQL)

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

ADO.NET
C API
JDBC
ODBC

Java Client API
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
TinkerPop Gremlin

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

.Net
All JVM based languages
C++
Groovy
Java
Scala

Groovy
Java
Python

C
C++
Java
PL/SQL

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

asynchronous Gremlin script jobs

PL/SQL

Triggers

yes

Cache Event Listeners

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

horizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioning

Sharding

yes

depending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBase

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

yes

Multi-source replication

yes

depending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBase

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

via hugegraph-spark

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

edges in graph

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes, on a single node

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

by means of logfiles and checkpoints

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

yes

Access rights per client and object definable

Users, roles and permissions

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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