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DBMS > 4D vs. FoundationDB vs. Splice Machine vs. TypeDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. FoundationDB vs. Splice Machine vs. TypeDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonSplice Machine  Xexclude from comparisonTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Open-Source SQL RDBMS for Operational and Analytical use cases with native Machine Learning, powered by Hadoop and SparkTypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query language
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMSGraph DBMS
Relational DBMS infoOften described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.06
Rank#185  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#85  Relational DBMS
Score0.54
Rank#252  Overall
#115  Relational DBMS
Score0.70
Rank#230  Overall
#20  Graph DBMS
#106  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comgithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbsplicemachine.comtypedb.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comapple.github.io/­foundationdbsplicemachine.com/­how-it-workstypedb.com/­docs
Developer4D, IncFoundationDBSplice MachineVaticle
Initial release1984201320142016
Current releasev20, April 20236.2.28, November 20203.1, March 20212.26.3, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoAGPL 3.0, commercial license availableOpen Source infoGPL Version 3, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaJava
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesno infosome layers support typingyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesno
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92supported in specific SQL layer onlyyesno
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
Native Spark Datasource
ODBC
gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Scala
All JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesin SQL-layer onlyyes infoJavano
Triggersyesnoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingShared Nothhing Auto-Sharding, Columnar PartitioningSharding infoby using Cassandra
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replication infoby using Cassandra
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoYes, via Full Spark Integrationyes infoby using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeeper
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesin SQL-layer onlyyesno infosubstituted by the relationship feature
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standardyes infoat REST API level; other APIs in progress
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionFoundationDBSplice MachineTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
Specific characteristicsTypeDB is a polymorphic database with a conceptual data model, a strong subtyping...
» more
Competitive advantagesTypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
» more
Typical application scenariosLife sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
» more

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4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionFoundationDBSplice MachineTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
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