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DBMS > 4D vs. FoundationDB vs. Kinetica vs. Stardog vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. FoundationDB vs. Kinetica vs. Stardog vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonKinetica  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Fully vectorized database across both GPUs and CPUsEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score0.64
Rank#236  Overall
#109  Relational DBMS
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score1.31
Rank#163  Overall
#74  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comgithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbwww.kinetica.comwww.stardog.comwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comapple.github.io/­foundationdbdocs.kinetica.comdocs.stardog.comdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
Developer4D, IncFoundationDBKineticaStardog-UnionOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release19842013201220101998
Current releasev20, April 20236.2.28, November 20207.1, August 20217.3.0, May 202011 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentscommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C, C++Java
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
LinuxLinux
macOS
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesno infosome layers support typingyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono infoImport/export of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92supported in specific SQL layer onlySQL-like DML and DDL statementsYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Serveryes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesin SQL-layer onlyuser defined functionsuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in JavaPL/SQL
Triggersyesnoyes infotriggers when inserted values for one or more columns fall within a specified rangeyes infovia event handlersno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingShardingnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyesSource-replica replicationMulti-source replication in HA-ClusterMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyLinearizable consistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate Consistency in HA-ClusterImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesin SQL-layer onlyyesyes inforelationships in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infoGPU vRAM or System RAMyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnoAccess rights for users and roles on table levelAccess rights for users and rolesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionFoundationDBKineticaStardogTimesTen
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