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DBMS > 4D vs. FoundationDB vs. Immudb vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. SiteWhere

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. FoundationDB vs. Immudb vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. SiteWhere

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonImmudb  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonSiteWhere  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.An open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerM2M integration platform for persisting/querying time series data
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Key-value storeRelational DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.06
Rank#185  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#85  Relational DBMS
Score0.31
Rank#295  Overall
#42  Key-value stores
Score19.93
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score0.06
Rank#383  Overall
#43  Time Series DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comgithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbgithub.com/­codenotary/­immudb
immudb.io
azure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsgithub.com/­sitewhere/­sitewhere
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comapple.github.io/­foundationdbdocs.immudb.iodocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticssitewhere1.sitewhere.io/­index.html
Developer4D, IncFoundationDBCodenotaryMicrosoftSiteWhere
Initial release19842013202020162010
Current releasev20, April 20236.2.28, November 20201.2.3, April 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialOpen Source infoCommon Public Attribution License Version 1.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++GoC++Java
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
hostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-freeyespredefined scheme
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesno infosome layers support typingyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92supported in specific SQL layer onlySQL-like syntaxyesno
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP REST
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C#
Java
PHP
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesin SQL-layer onlynoTransact SQL
Triggersyesnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingShardingSharding, horizontal partitioningSharding infobased on HBase
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyesyesselectable replication factor infobased on HBase
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesin SQL-layer onlynono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnoyesUsers with fine-grained authorization concept

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionFoundationDBImmudbMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseSiteWhere
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