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DBMS > 4D vs. FoundationDB vs. HarperDB vs. LeanXcale

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. FoundationDB vs. HarperDB vs. LeanXcale

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonHarperDB  Xexclude from comparisonLeanXcale  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Ultra-low latency distributed database with an intuitive REST API supporting NoSQL and SQL (including joins). Deployment of functions and databases simultaneously with a consolidated node-level architecture.A highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilities
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Document storeKey-value store
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.06
Rank#185  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#85  Relational DBMS
Score0.60
Rank#244  Overall
#38  Document stores
Score0.36
Rank#280  Overall
#40  Key-value stores
#129  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comgithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbwww.harperdb.iowww.leanxcale.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comapple.github.io/­foundationdbdocs.harperdb.io/­docs
Developer4D, IncFoundationDBHarperDBLeanXcale
Initial release1984201320172015
Current releasev20, April 20236.2.28, November 20203.1, August 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial infofree community edition availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++Node.js
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Data schemeyesschema-free infosome layers support schemasdynamic schemayes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesno infosome layers support typingyes infoJSON data types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesno
Secondary indexesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92supported in specific SQL layer onlySQL-like data manipulation statementsyes infothrough Apache Derby
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
ODBC
React Hooks
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
WebSocket
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
.Net
C
C#
C++
ColdFusion
D
Dart
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
MatLab
Objective C
Perl
PHP
PowerShell
Prolog
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Swift
C
Java
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesin SQL-layer onlyCustom Functions infosince release 3.1
Triggersyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingA table resides as a whole on one (or more) nodes in a cluster
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyesyes infothe nodes on which a table resides can be defined
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesin SQL-layer onlynoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDAtomic execution of specific operationsACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes, using LMDByes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnoAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionFoundationDBHarperDBLeanXcale
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