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DBMS > 4D vs. FoundationDB vs. HEAVY.AI vs. LMDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. FoundationDB vs. HEAVY.AI vs. LMDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonHEAVY.AI infoFormerly named 'OmniSci', rebranded to 'HEAVY.AI' in March 2022  Xexclude from comparisonLMDB  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.A high performance, column-oriented RDBMS, specifically developed to harness the massive parallelism of modern CPU and GPU hardwareA high performant, light-weight, embedded key-value database library
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMSKey-value store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.37
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.97
Rank#191  Overall
#32  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#87  Relational DBMS
Score1.41
Rank#153  Overall
#71  Relational DBMS
Score1.94
Rank#120  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
Websitewww.4d.comgithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbgithub.com/­heavyai/­heavydb
www.heavy.ai
www.symas.com/­symas-embedded-database-lmdb
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comapple.github.io/­foundationdbdocs.heavy.aiwww.lmdb.tech/­doc
Developer4D, IncFoundationDBHEAVY.AI, Inc.Symas
Initial release1984201320162011
Current releasev20, April 20236.2.28, November 20205.10, January 20220.9.32, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2; enterprise edition availableOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++ and CUDAC
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
LinuxLinux
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesno infosome layers support typingyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono
Secondary indexesyesnonono
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92supported in specific SQL layer onlyyesno
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
Vega
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/Thrift
Python
.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Nim
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Swift
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesin SQL-layer onlynono
Triggersyesnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingSharding infoRound robinnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyesMulti-source replicationnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesin SQL-layer onlynono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionFoundationDBHEAVY.AI infoFormerly named 'OmniSci', rebranded to 'HEAVY.AI' in March 2022LMDB
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