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DBMS > 4D vs. FoundationDB vs. Graphite vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. FoundationDB vs. Graphite vs. ToroDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonGraphite  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Data logging and graphing tool for time series data infoThe storage layer (fixed size database) is called WhisperA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Time Series DBMSDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.06
Rank#185  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#85  Relational DBMS
Score4.83
Rank#67  Overall
#4  Time Series DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comgithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbgithub.com/­graphite-project/­graphite-webgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comapple.github.io/­foundationdbgraphite.readthedocs.io
Developer4D, IncFoundationDBChris Davis8Kdata
Initial release1984201320062016
Current releasev20, April 20236.2.28, November 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++PythonJava
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Unix
All OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesno infosome layers support typingNumeric data onlyyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono
Secondary indexesyesnono
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92supported in specific SQL layer onlyno
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
HTTP API
Sockets
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesin SQL-layer onlyno
Triggersyesnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyesnoneSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyLinearizable consistencynoneEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesin SQL-layer onlynono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infolockingyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.no
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnonoAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionFoundationDBGraphiteToroDB
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