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DBMS > 4D vs. FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Firestore vs. Ingres vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Firestore vs. Ingres vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Firestore  Xexclude from comparisonIngres  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Cloud Firestore is an auto-scaling document database for storing, syncing, and querying data for mobile and web apps. It offers seamless integration with other Firebase and Google Cloud Platform products.Well established RDBMSIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Document storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score7.85
Rank#51  Overall
#8  Document stores
Score4.11
Rank#81  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Score1.31
Rank#163  Overall
#74  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comgithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbfirebase.google.com/­products/­firestorewww.actian.com/­databases/­ingreswww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comapple.github.io/­foundationdbfirebase.google.com/­docs/­firestoredocs.actian.com/­ingresdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
Developer4D, IncFoundationDBGoogleActian CorporationOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release1984201320171974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s1998
Current releasev20, April 20236.2.28, November 202011.2, May 202211 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedAIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesno infosome layers support typingyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availableno
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92supported in specific SQL layer onlynoyesyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Android
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
Python
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesin SQL-layer onlyyes, Firebase Rules & Cloud FunctionsyesPL/SQL
Triggersyesnoyes, with Cloud Functionsyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingShardinghorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslynone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyesMulti-source replicationIngres ReplicatorMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoUsing Cloud Dataflownono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesin SQL-layer onlynoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDyesACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infoMVCCyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management. Security Rules for 3rd party authentication using Firebase Auth.fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionFoundationDBGoogle Cloud FirestoreIngresTimesTen
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