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DBMS > 4D vs. eXtremeDB vs. FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. MaxDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. eXtremeDB vs. FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. MaxDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisoneXtremeDB  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonMaxDB infoformerly named Adabas-D  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemNatively in-memory DBMS with options for persistency, high-availability and clusteringOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Automatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformA robust and reliable RDBMS optimized to run all major SAP solutions
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Document store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Document storeRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.80
Rank#214  Overall
#99  Relational DBMS
#18  Time Series DBMS
Score1.06
Rank#185  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#85  Relational DBMS
Score4.36
Rank#72  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score2.26
Rank#114  Overall
#55  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.mcobject.comgithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­datastoremaxdb.sap.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwww.mcobject.com/­docs/­extremedb.htmapple.github.io/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­datastore/­docsmaxdb.sap.com/­documentation
Developer4D, IncMcObjectFoundationDBGoogleSAP, acquired from Software AG (Adabas-D) in 1997
Initial release19842001201320081984
Current releasev20, April 20238.2, 20216.2.28, November 20207.9.10.12, February 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercial infoLimited community edition free
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC and C++C++C++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesno infosome layers support typingyes, details hereyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesno infosupport of XML interfaces availablenono
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes infowith the option: eXtremeSQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlySQL-like query language (GQL)yes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
.NET Client API
JDBC
JNI
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
WebDAV
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
Lua
Python
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C#
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyesin SQL-layer onlyusing Google App Engineyes
Triggersyesyes infoby defining eventsnoCallbacks using the Google Apps Engineyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioning / shardingShardingShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationActive Replication Fabricâ„¢ for IoT
Multi-source replication infoby means of eXtremeDB Cluster option
Source-replica replication infoby means of eXtremeDB High Availability option
yesMulti-source replication using PaxosSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyLinearizable consistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesin SQL-layer onlyyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of TransactionsACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoOptimistic (MVCC) and pessimistic (locking) strategies availableyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensioneXtremeDBFoundationDBGoogle Cloud DatastoreMaxDB infoformerly named Adabas-D
Specific characteristicseXtremeDB is an in-memory and/or persistent database system that offers an ultra-small...
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Competitive advantageseXtremeDB databases can be modeled relationally or as objects and can utilize SQL...
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Typical application scenariosIoT application across all markets: Industrial Control, Netcom, Telecom, Defense,...
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Key customersSchneider Electronics, F5 Networks, TNS, Boeing, Northrop Grumman, GoPro, ViaSat,...
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Market metricsWith hundreds of customers and over 30 million devices/applications using the product...
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Licensing and pricing modelsFor server use cases, there is a simple per-server license irrespective of the number...
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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensioneXtremeDBFoundationDBGoogle Cloud DatastoreMaxDB infoformerly named Adabas-D
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