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DBMS > 4D vs. Firebird vs. Hyprcubd vs. Ingres vs. SingleStore

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Firebird vs. Hyprcubd vs. Ingres vs. SingleStore

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonFirebird  Xexclude from comparisonHyprcubd  Xexclude from comparisonIngres  Xexclude from comparisonSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQL  Xexclude from comparison
Hyprcubd seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemFirebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBaseServerless Time Series DBMSWell established RDBMSMySQL wire-compliant distributed RDBMS that combines an in-memory row-oriented and a disc-based column-oriented storage with patented universal storage to handle transactional and analytical workloads in one single table type
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.37
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score19.46
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score3.63
Rank#79  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score4.02
Rank#74  Overall
#39  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.firebirdsql.orghyprcubd.com (offline)www.actian.com/­databases/­ingreswww.singlestore.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwww.firebirdsql.org/­en/­reference-manualsdocs.actian.com/­ingresdocs.singlestore.com
Developer4D, IncFirebird FoundationHyprcubd, Inc.Actian CorporationSingleStore Inc.
Initial release19842000 infoAs fork of Borland's InterBase1974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s2013
Current releasev20, April 20235.0.1, August 202412.0, July 20248.5, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoInitial Developer's Public Licensecommercialcommercialcommercial infofree developer edition available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC and C++GoCC++, Go
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less infoFirebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows
hostedAIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Linux info64 bit version required
Data schemeyesyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infotime, int, uint, float, stringyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availableno
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesSQL-like query languageyesyes infobut no triggers and foreign keys
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
ADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC infoJaybird
ODBC
OLE DB
gRPC (https).NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
Cluster Management API infoas HTTP Rest and CLI
HTTP API
JDBC
MongoDB API
ODBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Bash
C
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesPSQLnoyesyes
Triggersyesyesnoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonehorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslySharding infohash partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSource-replica replicationIngres ReplicatorSource-replica replication infostores two copies of each physical data partition on two separate nodes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono infocan define user-defined aggregate functions for map-reduce-style calculations
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoFeatures a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writersnoyes infoMVCCyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoAll updates are persistent, including those to disk-based columnstores and memory-based row stores. Transaction commits are supported via write-ahead log.
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsUsers with fine-grained authorization concepttoken accessfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardFine grained access control via users, groups and roles

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionFirebirdHyprcubdIngresSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQL
DB-Engines blog posts

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
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