DBMS > 4D vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. HBase vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. HBase vs. ToroDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Cloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.

Wide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTable

A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL

Primary database model

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	13.64
Rank	#39	Overall
	#6	Document stores

Score	27.97
Rank	#26	Overall
	#2	Wide column stores

Website

www.4d.com

firebase.google.com/products/realtime-database

hbase.apache.org

github.com/torodb/server

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

firebase.google.com/docs/database

hbase.apache.org/book.html

Developer

4D, Inc

Google

acquired by Google 2014

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Powerset

8Kdata

Initial release

1984

2012

2008

2016

Current release

v20, April 2023

2.3.4, January 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

AGPL-V3

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

hosted

Linux
Unix
Windows

using Cygwin

All OS with a Java 7 VM

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

schema-free, schema definition possible

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

options to bring your own types, AVRO

yes

string, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

Java
JavaScript
Objective-C

C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

limited functionality with using 'rules'

yes

Coprocessors in Java

Triggers

yes

Callbacks are triggered when data changes

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

if the client is offline
Immediate Consistency

if the client is online

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes

Single row ACID (across millions of columns)

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

yes, based on authentication and database rules

Access Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC

Access rights for users and roles

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