DBMS > 4D vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. H2 vs. ObjectBox vs. Oracle Coherence

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. H2 vs. ObjectBox vs. Oracle Coherence

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Cloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

Lightweight, fast on-device database for IoT, Mobile and Embedded devices, persisting and synchronising objects and vectors

Oracles in-memory data grid solution

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store

Relational DBMS

Object oriented DBMS
Vector DBMS

Key-value store

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Time Series DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.37
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	13.60
Rank	#39	Overall
	#6	Document stores

Score	7.57
Rank	#47	Overall
	#30	Relational DBMS

Score	1.08
Rank	#179	Overall
	#6	Object oriented DBMS
	#9	Vector DBMS

Score	1.90
Rank	#127	Overall
	#21	Key-value stores

Website

www.4d.com

firebase.google.com/products/realtime-database

www.h2database.com

github.com/objectbox
objectbox.io

www.oracle.com/java/coherence

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

firebase.google.com/docs/database

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

docs.objectbox.io

docs.oracle.com/en/middleware/standalone/coherence

Developer

4D, Inc

Google

acquired by Google 2014

Thomas Mueller

ObjectBox Limited

Oracle

Initial release

1984

2012

2005

2017

2007

Current release

v20, April 2023

2.2.220, July 2023

4.0 (May 2024)

14.1, August 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

Bindings are released under Apache 2.0

Apache License 2.0

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C and C++

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

hosted

All OS with a Java VM

Android
Any POSIX system
Docker
iOS
Linux
macOS
QNX
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes, plus "flex" map-like types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC

Proprietary native API

JCache
JPA
RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

Java
JavaScript
Objective-C

Java

C
C++
Dart (Flutter)
Go
Java
Kotlin
Python
Swift

.Net
C++
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

limited functionality with using 'rules'

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

Triggers

yes

Callbacks are triggered when data changes

yes

Live Events

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

Data sync between devices allowing occasional connected databases to work completely offline

yes, with selectable consistency level

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

if the client is offline
Immediate Consistency

if the client is online

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes

ACID

configurable

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

optionally

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

yes, based on authentication and database rules

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes

authentification to access the cache via certificates or http basic authentication

More information provided by the system vendor

News

MongoDB Realm & Device Sync alternatives – ObjectBox
17 September 2024

Local AI – what it is and why we need it
11 September 2024

First on-device Vector Database (aka Semantic Index) for iOS
24 July 2024

Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) with vector databases: Expanding AI Capabilities
18 June 2024

The on-device Vector Database for Android and Java
29 May 2024

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

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