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DBMS > 4D vs. Faircom DB vs. Firebird vs. Google Cloud Spanner

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Faircom DB vs. Firebird vs. Google Cloud Spanner

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonFaircom DB infoformerly c-treeACE  Xexclude from comparisonFirebird  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemNative high-speed multi-model DBMS for relational and key-value store data simultaneously accessible through SQL and NoSQL APIs.Firebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBaseA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.37
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.18
Rank#314  Overall
#45  Key-value stores
#141  Relational DBMS
Score19.46
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score2.69
Rank#101  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.faircom.com/­products/­faircom-dbwww.firebirdsql.orgcloud.google.com/­spanner
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.faircom.com/­docs/­en/­UUID-7446ae34-a1a7-c843-c894-d5322e395184.htmlwww.firebirdsql.org/­en/­reference-manualscloud.google.com/­spanner/­docs
Developer4D, IncFairCom CorporationFirebird FoundationGoogle
Initial release198419792000 infoAs fork of Borland's InterBase2017
Current releasev20, April 2023V13, July 20245.0.1, August 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infoRestricted, free version availableOpen Source infoInitial Developer's Public Licensecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageANSI C, C++C and C++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OS X
QNX
SCO
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows infoeasily portable to other OSs
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less infoFirebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows
hosted
Data schemeyesschema free, schema optional, schema required, partial schema,yesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes, ANSI SQL Types, JSON, typed binary structuresyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes, ANSI SQL with proprietary extensionsyesyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
ADO.NET
Direct SQL
JDBC
JPA
ODBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
RESTful MQTT/JSON API
RPC
ADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC infoJaybird
ODBC
OLE DB
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js and browser)
PHP
Python
Visual Basic
C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes info.Net, JavaScript, C/C++PSQLno
Triggersyesyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneFile partitioning, horizontal partitioning, sharding infoCustomizable business rules for table partitioningnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes, configurable to be parallel or serial, synchronous or asynchronous, uni-directional or bi-directional, ACID-consistent or eventually consistent (with custom conflict resolution).Source-replica replicationMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflow
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Tunable consistency per server, database, table, and transaction
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyesyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrity
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDtunable from ACID to Eventually ConsistentACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolation
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoFeatures a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writersyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesYes, tunable from durable to delayed durability to in-memoryyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsFine grained access rights according to SQL-standard with additional protections for filesUsers with fine-grained authorization conceptAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionFaircom DB infoformerly c-treeACEFirebirdGoogle Cloud Spanner
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