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DBMS > 4D vs. Elasticsearch vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. HEAVY.AI vs. LokiJS

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Elasticsearch vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. HEAVY.AI vs. LokiJS

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonHEAVY.AI infoFormerly named 'OmniSci', rebranded to 'HEAVY.AI' in March 2022  Xexclude from comparisonLokiJS  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.A high performance, column-oriented RDBMS, specifically developed to harness the massive parallelism of modern CPU and GPU hardwareIn-memory JavaScript DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSSearch engineKey-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.37
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score128.79
Rank#8  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score2.97
Rank#92  Overall
#15  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score1.41
Rank#153  Overall
#71  Relational DBMS
Score0.44
Rank#256  Overall
#40  Document stores
Websitewww.4d.comwww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchcloud.google.com/­bigtablegithub.com/­heavyai/­heavydb
www.heavy.ai
github.com/­techfort/­LokiJS
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlcloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docsdocs.heavy.aitechfort.github.io/­LokiJS
Developer4D, IncElasticGoogleHEAVY.AI, Inc.
Initial release19842010201520162014
Current releasev20, April 20238.6, January 20235.10, January 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoElastic LicensecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2; enterprise edition availableOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++ and CUDAJavaScript
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMhostedLinuxserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)
Data schemeyesschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexednonoyes infovia views
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like query languagenoyesno
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
Vega
JavaScript API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/Thrift
Python
JavaScript
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyesnonoView functions in JavaScript
Triggersyesyes infoby using the 'percolation' featurenonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingShardingSharding infoRound robinnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyesInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesMulti-source replicationnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoES-Hadoop Connectoryesnoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate Consistencynone
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoAtomic single-row operationsnono infoatomic operations within a single collection possible
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoSerialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noMemcached and Redis integrationnoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionElasticsearchGoogle Cloud BigtableHEAVY.AI infoFormerly named 'OmniSci', rebranded to 'HEAVY.AI' in March 2022LokiJS
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