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DBMS > 4D vs. Elasticsearch vs. GeoMesa vs. NuoDB vs. TimescaleDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Elasticsearch vs. GeoMesa vs. NuoDB vs. TimescaleDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonGeoMesa  Xexclude from comparisonNuoDB  Xexclude from comparisonTimescaleDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricGeoMesa is a distributed spatio-temporal DBMS based on various systems as storage layer.NuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactionsA time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSSearch engineSpatial DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score132.83
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score0.86
Rank#205  Overall
#4  Spatial DBMS
Score0.94
Rank#197  Overall
#92  Relational DBMS
Score4.46
Rank#71  Overall
#5  Time Series DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchwww.geomesa.orgwww.3ds.com/­nuodb-distributed-sql-databasewww.timescale.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlwww.geomesa.org/­documentation/­stable/­user/­index.htmldoc.nuodb.comdocs.timescale.com
Developer4D, IncElasticCCRi and othersDassault Systèmes infooriginally NuoDB, Inc.Timescale
Initial release19842010201420132017
Current releasev20, April 20238.6, January 20235.0.0, May 20242.15.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoElastic LicenseOpen Source infoApache License 2.0commercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaScalaC++C
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMhosted infoAmazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesnumerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononoyes
Secondary indexesyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like query languagenoyesyes infofull PostgreSQL SQL syntax
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyesnoJava, SQLuser defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shell
Triggersyesyes infoby using the 'percolation' featurenoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingdepending on storage layerdata is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/writtenyes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyesdepending on storage layeryes infoManaged transparently by NuoDBSource-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas info
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoES-Hadoop Connectoryesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, alldepending on storage layerImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnonoACID infotunable commit protocolACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infoMVCCyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noMemcached and Redis integrationdepending on storage layeryes infoTemporary tableno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsyes infodepending on the DBMS used for storageStandard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative Usersfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionElasticsearchGeoMesaNuoDBTimescaleDB
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