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DBMS > 4D vs. Elasticsearch vs. FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Postgres-XL

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Elasticsearch vs. FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Postgres-XL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonPostgres-XL  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Automatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformBased on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster features
Primary database modelRelational DBMSSearch engineDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Document storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Document store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score135.35
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score4.47
Rank#76  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score0.49
Rank#256  Overall
#117  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchgithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­datastorewww.postgres-xl.org
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlapple.github.io/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­datastore/­docswww.postgres-xl.org/­documentation
Developer4D, IncElasticFoundationDBGoogle
Initial release19842010201320082014 infosince 2012, originally named StormDB
Current releasev20, April 20238.6, January 20236.2.28, November 202010 R1, October 2018
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoElastic LicenseOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoMozilla public license
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC++C
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
macOS
Data schemeyesschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesno infosome layers support typingyes, details hereyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonoyes infoXML type, but no XML query functionality
Secondary indexesyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexednoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like query languagesupported in specific SQL layer onlySQL-like query language (GQL)yes infodistributed, parallel query execution
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyesin SQL-layer onlyusing Google App Engineuser defined functions
Triggersyesyes infoby using the 'percolation' featurenoCallbacks using the Google Apps Engineyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingShardingShardinghorizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyesyesMulti-source replication using Paxos
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoES-Hadoop Connectornoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allLinearizable consistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoin SQL-layer onlyyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of TransactionsACID infoMVCC
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noMemcached and Redis integrationnono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionElasticsearchFoundationDBGoogle Cloud DatastorePostgres-XL
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