DBMS > 4D vs. Ehcache vs. H2 vs. IBM Cloudant vs. Tkrzw

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Ehcache vs. H2 vs. IBM Cloudant vs. Tkrzw

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

A widely adopted Java cache with tiered storage options

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

Database as a Service offering based on Apache CouchDB

A concept of libraries, allowing an application program to store and query key-value pairs in a file. Successor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto Cabinet

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	4.64
Rank	#68	Overall
	#8	Key-value stores

Score	8.33
Rank	#46	Overall
	#30	Relational DBMS

Score	2.75
Rank	#104	Overall
	#19	Document stores

Score	0.07
Rank	#372	Overall
	#57	Key-value stores

Website

www.4d.com

www.ehcache.org

www.h2database.com

www.ibm.com/products/cloudant

dbmx.net/tkrzw

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

www.ehcache.org/documentation

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

cloud.ibm.com/docs/Cloudant

Developer

4D, Inc

Terracotta Inc, owned by Software AG

Thomas Mueller

IBM, Apache Software Foundation

IBM acquired Cloudant in February 2014

Mikio Hirabayashi

Initial release

1984

2009

2005

2010

2020

Current release

v20, April 2023

3.10.0, March 2022

2.2.220, July 2023

0.9.3, August 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2; commercial licenses available

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Erlang

C++

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

hosted

Linux
macOS

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JCache

JDBC
ODBC

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

Java

C#
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby

C++
Java
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

View functions (Map-Reduce) in JavaScript

Triggers

yes

Cache Event Listeners

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

by using Terracotta Server

none

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

yes

by using Terracotta Server

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Tunable Consistency (Strong, Eventual, Weak)

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes

supports JTA and can work as an XA resource

ACID

atomic operations within a document possible

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Optimistic locking

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using a tiered cache-storage approach

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

using specific database classes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users can be defined per database

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More resources

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